Types and working principles of pile drivers:
1. Spiral pile driver
The spiral pile driver is mainly composed of a power head, drill rod, column, hydraulic walking chassis, rotating structure, winch, operating room, electrical system, hydraulic system, shipping mechanism, etc. In working condition, by operating the hydraulic system, it is possible to achieve alignment between the walking, rotating, and landing columns and the pile driver. When working, the power head drives the drill rod, the drill bit rotates, the hoist controls the lifting of the drilling tool, and the soil cut by the drill bit is transported to the ground through the spiral plate. Drill to the design depth, drill the hole. According to the requirements of the construction method, concrete (or slurry) can be poured into the pile while drilling.
2. Diesel hammer pile driver
The main body of a diesel pile driver is also composed of a cylinder and a plunger. Its working principle is similar to that of a single cylinder two-stroke diesel engine. The hammer head is driven by the strong pressure generated by the combustion and explosion of atomized diesel injected into the cylinder combustion chamber under high pressure and high temperature. Diesel hammers can be divided into guide rod type and cylinder type. Bucket hammer is a hammer driven by the reciprocating motion of a core (upper piston or impactor). Double guide rod diesel hammer is a pile driving hammer with a piston fixed and a cylinder reciprocating motion as the impact body. Due to its low hammering energy and short service life, it has gradually been phased out. The widely used type now is the cylindrical diesel pile hammer. Especially for the barrel diesel hammers produced in recent years, the fuel supply throttle is divided into four gears, and the second to third gears are generally used during pile driving, which is easy for operators to grasp and the hammering energy is easy to estimate.
3. Insertion machine
Insertion type pile driver is a new type of pile driver mainly used for coastal soft foundation treatment and land reclamation construction. After inserting the machine into place, align the vibrating hammer with the position of the jack and sink it. The drainage plate passes through the sleeve and is connected to the end anchor shoe. After pulling up the casing, the anchor shoes and drainage plate are left in the soil, and then the continuous drainage plate is cut to complete the insertion operation of the drainage hole. Nowadays, with the popularization of land reclamation around the world, the use of plug-in machines is becoming more and more advantageous. Soft foundations need to be treated before they can be used, so plug-in machines still have a place in the future construction industry.
4. Vibration pile hammer
A vibrating pile hammer is a device that generates strong excitation force after being electrified to drive objects underground. The motor is used to drive paired eccentric blocks to rotate in reverse, so that the lateral centrifugal forces they generate cancel each other out, while the vertical centrifugal forces are superimposed on each other. The high-speed rotation of the eccentric wheel causes the gearbox to vibrate vertically up and down, thereby achieving the purpose of pile driving. Vibration pile hammer is a pile foundation construction machinery used in construction engineering for the construction of concrete cast-in-place piles. After being coordinated with the pile frame, it can be sunk into concrete cast-in-place piles, concrete expansion piles (garlic piles), lime piles, sand piles, and gravel piles; By using pile clamps, precast concrete piles and various steel piles can be sunk and pulled. It is an ideal equipment for infrastructure construction such as roads, bridges, airports, and buildings. In addition, vibration pile hammers can also be used as hammers for pile driving machinery such as vibration sinking machines and insertion machines. The vibration pile hammer will mainly be used in the construction of vibration immersed piles in the future, which is a trend. Especially the application of high-power vibration hammers such as 60, 75, and 90 will definitely replace some vibration hammers with large amplitude and noise.
