"The key to efficient rotary drilling rig construction lies in the precise matching of the drill bit and cutting teeth: the tubular drill is used for hard rock layers, the sand bucket for weathered rock, the auger for breaking up boulders, and the two-part drill for quickly processing clay. Selecting the right cutting tooth type based on the geological conditions and performing regular maintenance improves both construction efficiency and pile quality."
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Rotary drilling rigs are commonly used in rock drilling during pile construction, offering advantages such as strong applicability, high automation, low labor intensity, high drilling efficiency, and good pile quality. However, due to varying geological conditions in different construction environments, it is necessary to select appropriate drill bits and rotary cutting teeth based on the actual situation. Today, Shandong Aide will discuss how to choose drill bits and rotary cutting teeth.
I. Common Drill Bit Selection for Rotary Drilling Rigs
**Tube Drill:** Suitable for moderately weathered sandstone with distinct stratification (high core sampling probability) and circumferential cutting of hard rock layers. In denser soil layers or some soft rock formations, when slippage occurs due to the use of friction drill rods, a tube drill can be used.
**Sand Bucket Drill:** Suitable for gravel layers, pebble layers, and moderately to strongly weathered rock layers, such as moderately weathered argillaceous sandstone and argillaceous conglomerate. For harder rocks with a higher degree of weathering, such as fully or strongly weathered granite, when drilling hard rock, it is often necessary to use a tube drill and auger bit in conjunction.
Spiral Drill Bits: Suitable for breaking up boulders, isolated rocks, and hard rock formations within the borehole. For some clay formations and moderately dense gravelly soils, when drilling with a sand-dredging bucket is impossible, spiral drill bits can be tried.
Two-Branch Drill Bits: Suitable for clay layers that are difficult to dump. They offer fast drilling speeds and easy soil dumping. During drilling, the two cylinders close; after lifting the drill, reversing the direction of rotation opens the cylinders, allowing the clay cuttings to fall naturally, reducing soil dumping time and damage to the main unit.
II. Rotary Drilling Cutting Bit Selection
1. Geological Adaptability Analysis#rig types#
When selecting rotary drilling cutting bits, a detailed understanding of the geological conditions of the project is necessary. Different geological conditions have different requirements for the wear rate of the cutting bits, drilling speed, and borehole quality. Analyzing the geological conditions can help us select the appropriate cutting bit type and material to improve drilling efficiency and quality.
2. Selection of Cutting Teeth Type Rotary drilling cutting teeth come in different types, including tapered cutting teeth, flat-head cutting teeth, and pointed cutting teeth. Different types of cutting teeth are suitable for different drill bit designs and geological conditions. For example, tapered cutting teeth, due to their larger contact area and better self-sharpening properties, are suitable for operation in clay layers; while pointed cutting teeth, due to their sharp head design, can more effectively cut into hard rock. Therefore, when selecting cutting teeth, a comprehensive consideration must be given to the drill bit used and the geological conditions of the expected operation.
III. Drill Bit Maintenance and Care
Drill bits are subject to wear and corrosion during use. To extend their service life and improve drilling efficiency, regular maintenance and care are necessary. This includes cleaning the drill bit surface of dirt and debris, inspecting the wear condition, and promptly replacing severely worn parts.
IV. Rotary Drilling Cutting Tooth Replacement and Adjustment
When rotary drilling cutting teeth wear to a certain extent or geological conditions change, they need to be replaced. When replacing rotary drilling cutting teeth, the appropriate type and specifications must be selected, and the replacement should be performed correctly according to the manufacturer's installation instructions.
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