The hydraulic system is like the "vascular network" of a rotary excavator, undertaking the core mission of providing power transmission for various components, and its operating status directly determines the overall work efficiency and reliability of the machine. As the "blood" of hydraulic systems, the quality of hydraulic oil is the lifeline of system performance. In daily maintenance, hydraulic oil cleanliness and oil level monitoring should be given top priority, and a dual protection mechanism should be established. From the perspective of cleanliness control, impurities mixed in hydraulic oil can be called "invisible killers", and even fine particles can cause serious faults such as hydraulic pump plunger wear and control valve core jamming. Oil level management should not be underestimated, and should strictly follow the cold and hot oil level markings in the equipment operation manual. Low oil level can cause cavitation in hydraulic pumps, while high oil level may lead to poor heat dissipation in the system. It is recommended to conduct a cold oil level check before daily homework, and a hot oil level inspection every 2 hours during the homework process to ensure that the liquid level remains stable within the standard range. In addition to quantitative monitoring, qualitative observation is also crucial. Regularly check the physical properties of hydraulic oil. If the oil turns black, turbid, or has a pungent odor similar to rotten eggs, it indicates that the hydraulic oil has undergone severe oxidation or hydrolysis deterioration.
The inspection of hydraulic pipelines cannot be ignored. After long-term use, hydraulic pipelines may not only age and break due to frequent vibrations, but joints may also become loose due to stress concentration, leading to hydraulic oil leakage. Before starting work every day, it is recommended to wear rubber gloves and use the three-step inspection method of "look, touch, and smell": first observe with the naked eye whether there is oil film reflection or moisture marks on the surface of the pipeline, then lightly touch with your fingers along the direction of the pipeline to feel whether there is any sticky feeling caused by oil leakage, and finally approach the pipeline to smell for the unique stimulating odor of hydraulic oil, focusing on checking vulnerable parts such as joints, bends, and fixed clamps. For different degrees of leakage problems, a stepped treatment plan can be adopted: if only the joint leaks slightly, a torque wrench should be used to re tighten according to the standard torque in the equipment manual; When the sealing element shows aging and cracking, the fluororubber material sealing element should be replaced immediately and a special lubricant should be applied to prevent dry grinding; Once deep scratches or bulges are found in the pipeline, it must be replaced with a high-pressure hose of the same specification and a dedicated crimping machine. It is strictly prohibited to use temporary remedial measures such as tape wrapping. In addition, the cleaning and maintenance of the hydraulic oil tank is a key defense line to ensure the stable operation of the system. It is recommended to use a magnetic dipstick every week to detect the deposition of iron filings at the bottom of the oil tank. Every month, 5-10 liters of hydraulic oil containing impurities should be discharged from the bottom through a drain valve, and a dedicated suction device should be used to clean the adhesive on the inner wall of the oil tank. For equipment with harsh working environments, high-precision filters can be installed in the return oil pipeline, combined with regular replacement of hydraulic oil every 2000 hours, to establish a three-level protection system of "filtration sedimentation purification", effectively avoiding serious faults such as valve group jamming and pump body wear caused by impurities entering the system.
