Every vehicle is composed of many parts, and rotary drilling rigs are no exception. Today, I'll talk about the components of a small rotary drilling rig. The main components of a rotary drilling rig include the chassis, drill mast, self-propelled landing gear, main and auxiliary winches, power head, drill rod, drill bit, turntable, engine system, cab, cover, counterweight, hydraulic system, and electrical system. As you can see, these are all essential components of a rotary drilling rig. Today, I'll discuss the function of the drill bit in detail.#drilling rig systems#
For harder bedrock strata, large boulder layers, and hard permafrost, direct drilling with auger bits or rotary drilling rigs is difficult. A ring drill bit is needed in conjunction with an auger bit and a sand-dredging bit. These are divided into core-taking ring drill bits and non-core-taking ring drill bits. Depending on the strata being drilled, they are further divided into cutting tooth ring drill bits suitable for weathered bedrock and permafrost, and roller cone ring drill bits suitable for hard bedrock. The core-taking annular barrel drill bit has the following structural features and working principle: The bucket body consists of an inner and outer tube. The outer tube is welded with main cutting teeth, and the inner tube is welded with secondary cutting teeth. The lower end of the inner tube is equipped with hinges to support the core. During drilling, the core pushes open the hinges and enters the tube. When the drill is pulled out, the hinges, under their own weight, remain in a horizontal position, sealing the core inside the inner tube and carrying it out of the borehole. The non-core-taking annular barrel drill bit has the following structural features and working principle: Cutting teeth are directly welded to the lower part of the drill bit body. During drilling, the barrel drill bit first drills the formation into a cylindrical annular shape, and then a spiral drill bit is lowered to break the circular core into fragments. The fragments are then retrieved using a sand-collecting bucket. Different drill bits must be selected depending on the terrain and the required working location. Southern and northern regions, plateau areas, and mountainous terrains are particularly challenging, so we cannot work according to conventional terrain methods. Doing so would easily cause rapid damage to the drill bit, thus quickly shortening the service life of the rotary drilling rig.#drilling rig systems#
